all about Columns

What Are Columns | Types of Rcc Column | Round Column Vs Square Column | Pillar Vs Column

Bykrishnaraj

all about Columns

Introduction of Columns

The whole structure of a building is comprised of different types of components. The column is one of the most important parts of the Framed Structure.

Columns are designed to carry the axial loads in compression.

The Columns are used all over the world for the decorative as well as structural purpose.

The main function of the columns is to transmit the load of the superstructure to the underground strata.

In this article, you will get to know what are columns, different shapes of columns, column types, types of RCC columns, the difference between column vs pillar, and column pillar.

What Are Columns?

What Are Columns?

Columns are the vertical Structural member which transmits a load of the slab to the foundation.

The column is a rigid vertical structural member.

The effective depth of the column exceeds 3 times the lateral dimension.

Generally, column carries the axial loads in the compression.

Biaxial column is subjected to the axial compressive force are undergoes to Moments on one or both axes.

Factors on which strength of the column depends

  • The shape of the column
  • Size of the column
  • Length of the column
  • Cross-section of the column

Also Read: Differences Between Tie-Beam and Plinth Beam in Construction

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Types of Columns in Architecture

Types of Columns in Architecture

There are five major order of architectural columns used in the construction are as follows

  • Doric
  • Ionic
  • Corinthian
  • Tuscan
  • Composite

Different Types of Rcc Columns

Different Types of Rcc Columns

Columns are classified into different types according to the different criteria are as follows

  • Classification of the column based on its cross-section
  • Classification of the column based on its loading
  • Classification of columns based on its length and behaviour
  • Classification of columns on the basis of its longitudinal reinforcement

The brief description of the classification of columns given as follows

1. Classification of the Column on the Basis of Its Cross-Section

There are different types of pillars and shapes of columns that are used in the construction as per the requirement or design.

1.1. Square Column or Rectangular Column

Square Column or Rectangular Column

Square columns or square column design and rectangular columns are commonly used in the construction of buildings.

The construction of the rectangular or square columns is easier and less costly to cast.

Also Read: Load-Bearing Vs Partition Walls | What Are Walls | Classified of Walls

1.2. Circular Column

Circular Column

Circular columns are specially design and widely used in the filing and elevation of the structures.

Circular columns give the good aesthetical appearance to the structure.

Circular columns are commonly used in the construction of bridge pillars.

1.3. T-Column

T-Column

T-column is used as per the design requirements of the structure.

1.4. L-Column

L-Column

The L-columns is not commonly used in the structure.

It is used at the corner of the frame structure.

2. Classification of the Column on the Basis of Its Loading

2.1. Axially Loaded Column

Axially Loaded Column

Axially loaded columns are subjected to the loading which is acting along the longitudinal axis or centroid of the column section.

2.2. Axially Loaded and Uniaxial Bending Column

Axially Loaded and Uniaxial Bending Column

The axially loaded and uniaxial bending column subject to the loads which do not act on the longitudinal axis of the column section.

Also Read: Earthquake-Proof Your Home: Construction Know-How

2.3. Axially Loaded and Biaxial Bending Column

Axially Loaded and Biaxial Bending Column

Biaxial bending of columns occurs when the loading causes binding on the principal Axis simultaneously.

3. Classification of the Column on the Basis of Its Length and Behaviour

3.1. Short Column

Short Column

The short column is defined as the column whose ratio of the least lateral dimension of the column is less than 12, then it is known as a short column.

3.2. Long Column

Long Column

Long column is defined as the column whose ratio of the least lateral dimension of the column is more than 12,then it is known as Long column.

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4. Classification of Column on the Basis of Its Longitudinal Reinforcement

4.1. Tied Column

Tied Column

A tied column is a column in which the longitudinal reinforcement bars are tied together with the separate small diameter transverse ties which are spaced at some interval along the column height.

4.2. Spiral Column

Spiral Column

Spiral columns are the columns in which the longitudinal bars are arranged in the circular shape. There is a total of 6 number of bars are used for the longitudinal reinforcement.

Also Read: Top 5 Types Of Footings Used In Building Construction

4.3. Composite Column

Composite Column

A composite column is a column which is made of structural Steel shape or pipe which are surrounded by or filled by the concrete with or without longitudinal reinforcement.

Round Column Vs Square Column

The round pillar design and square column, or square pillar design, are commonly used column shapes in the construction. The difference between the Round column and square are as follows

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Round Column Square Column
Round columns are symmetric about centroidal Axis.
Square columns have four-axis of symmetry.
The minimum number of bars which are required in the round columns are 6.
The minimum number of bars which are required in the square columns are 4.
A special type of formwork is required for the construction of Round column.
Simple formwork is required for the Construction of square column.
The Construction of the round column is expensive as compared to the square column.
The Construction of square column is economical as compared to the round column.
There are no weak points in the round column due to its circular shape.
The square column has four weak points due to the corner edges.
Round columns are strong in compression so they can carry more load.
Square columns can carry less load as compared to round columns.

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Pillars Vs Columns

Pillars Vs Columns

Pillar, or pillar column, is a vertical structure which is designed to bear the weight of the building’s roof.

Pillar is also widely used as a decorative element in the Buildings.

The column is a structural element which transmits the total load of the structure to the footing and the soil.

Difference Between Pillars and Columns

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Column Pillar
Column, or rcc pillar design, is a structural member which transmits the total load of the superstructure to the underground Strata.
Pillar is the Structural vertical element which is designed to bear the weight of building roof.
Columns are used to support the load-bearing walls
Pillars are used for the decorative purposes.
In the construction of columns, steel is used.
Steel is not used in the construction of pillars.
All columns are not the pillars
All pillars are the columns
Columns are use to support the load of the component members such as beam and slab.
Pillar can be stand alone or support the roof of the Buildings.
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What Are Columns?

A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below. In other words, a column is a compression member.

Types of Columns in Architecture

  • Ionic order
  • Corinthian order
  • Doric order
  • Composite order
  • Tuscan order
  • Spiral colum

Types of Rcc Columns

Reinforced cement concrete (RCC) is a type of concrete that uses reinforcing fibers to improve the strength and stability of the concrete. The fibers are woven into the concrete before it’s poured, and they help to distribute pressure and stress throughout the material.

Square Column Vs Rectangular Column

The above results shows that rectangular columns are good at resisting the uniaxial and biaxial moment about ‘x’ and ‘z’ axis and square column in resisting the axial load; however, the deflection of column in ‘y’ direction is more as compared to other direction but the columns are long columns so there is no danger of …

Square Column

Square columns are more common in modern homes and a great alternative to the round columns. Square columns are hollow; therefore, they are not load-bearing. However, they do give the illusion of bearing a great weight.

Rectangular Column

Square or rectangular columns are columns classified based on their shape. They contain a minimum of four longitudinal steel beams to provide support. Square or rectangular columns often allow for easy shuttering, placing reinforcement and concrete pouring.

Pillar Vs Column

Pillar can be stand alone or support the roof of building. The main objective of this article “Differences between Pillar & Column” is that the pillars are mostly used of decoration & some times for bearing the load of building roof. While, the columns is only used for bearing the load of beam, & slab etc.

Types of Roman Columns

There are four main types of ancient Roman columns: Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, and Tuscan. Columns are composed of a large base or pedestal for support, the shaft of the column, and the capital at the top. These features can also vary within each style.

Types of Greek Columns

There a five different orders or styles of columns. The first three orders, Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian, are the three principal architectural orders of ancient architecture. They were developed in ancient Greece but also used extensively in Rome. The final two, Tuscan and Composite, were developed in ancient Rome.

Non Structural Columns

Non-structural columns in modern architecture, would include splayed and elliptical shapes along with square and circular shapes and effects.

Round Column Vs Square Column

The rectangular or square column has four weak points (corner edge), but the circular is in the shape of a cylinder, so there are no weak points. The circular column is strong in compression compared to the square column in the same cross-sectional area.

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